Searing romaine lettuce hearts in a hot skillet caramelizes the surface of the lettuce, while the core stays crisp. Toss it with a punchy, garlicky Caesar dressing and a big coating of Parmesan, and you get all the crunch of the classic salad plus a smoky, nutty depth — without turning on an outdoor grill.
Combine ¼ cup extra virgin olive oil, 2 tablespoons white wine vinegar, 1 tablespoon mayonnaise , 1 tablespoon Dijon mustard, 1 grated garlic clove, 2-3 finely chopped oil-packed anchovies, 2 teaspoons fresh lemon juice, ½ teaspoon kosher salt, ¼ teaspoon cayenne pepper, and ¼ teaspoon freshly ground pepper in a bowl. Whisk together until smooth and combined. Alternatively, place the ingredients in a blender or food processor and blend, or place in a lidded jar and shake well.
Make the salad
Trim a slim piece off the stem end of each romaine head — be sure to keep the stem intact. Remove any outer leaves that are damaged or discolored. Cut each romaine heart in half.
Drizzle olive oil over the cut sides of the lettuce, or use a pastry brush. Don't be shy about the quantity of oil — it adds flavor, color and helps the lettuce to release from the hot pan. Sprinkle some salt and black pepper over the cut sides.
Place a large (12-inch) skillet (non-stick or cast iron) over medium-heat heat. When a drop of water sizzles in the pan, add the romaine hearts, cut-side down. Cook until the lettuce is browned and smells pleasantly nutty, 3-5 minutes.
Using tongs, gently transfer the romaine halves to a serving platter. Drizzle some of the dressing generously over the lettuce and sprinkle with the cheese. Serve the salad with a knife and fork, with the remaining dressing on the side.
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Notes
The lettuce will sear better if it's dry. If you wash the lettuce, make sure it's completely dry (including in between the leaves).
The dressing can be made up to 5 days ahead. Store refrigerated.